Femtosecond and subfemtosecond time scales typically rule electron dynamics at metal surfaces. Recent advances in experimental techniques allow the experimental study of such dynamics. In this talk, we shall analyze electron dynamics at surfaces and nanostructures with emphasis on screening times, spin dependence of charge transfer of adsorbates and smaller system sizes. We will discuss the effect of energy gaps on possible “Veselago lenses” for completely flat graphene sheets. We will also discuss how Plasmon instabilities may be exploited for tunable radiation generation which may be employed in detectors.